Internet’s Adverse Effects on Teenagers Essay

Adverse Effects of Internet on Teenagers: Introduction: The use of internet has grown tremendously among the teenagers over the last few decades. This has largely been caused by a variety of reasons such as education and the need for entertainment. The internet provides a variety of free information and resources that can either build or destroy the life of a teenager. As a result, many teenagers have ended destroyed morally and psychologically due to excessive use of the internet for the wrong reasons. As a matter of fact, research shows that many teenagers get excessively addicted to the internet from the first time they gain access information in the web (Kraut ; Kiesler, 49-74). The growing and excessive use of the internet among the teenagers has also largely been influenced by the affordability and availability of internet both at school and home. This continued use of internet by the teenagers has tremendously affected the teenagers adversely with time. To be precise, most teenagers who have excessively use internet have continued to have problems academically, socially and even morally. Background Information: Research indicates that in every ten teenagers, nine are regular internet users. According to statistics, 87% of the teenagers in the Western World aged between 12 and 17 are regular users of the internet. 51% of these teenagers visit the internet on regular basis. This actually represents about 21 million teenagers who visit the internet. It has also been found that 81% of the teenage internet users basically use the internet for playing video games. This percentage represents about 17 million teenagers (McKenna ; Green, 9-31). The figures above are a direct indication that there is an overwhelming increase in the number of teenagers accessing the internet over the last few years. This information implies that most teenagers are therefore openly vulnerable to some of the evil practices that go on over the internet. As a result, the society has continued to bring up teenagers who are morally corrupt. Refutation: It is important to note at this point that most teenagers are quickly getting addicted to internet use. Most teenagers get addicted to the internet because of the following reasons: First, most teenagers believe that the internet is the best source of entertainment. There are many internet sites that provide free games of that the teenagers can play. Most teenagers therefore visit these sites and spend quite a lot of time playing those games. The teenagers find fulfillment in these games and therefore dedicate much time to play such games. The addiction to internet games by the teenagers has largely been encouraged by lack of enough co-curriculum activities in the schools in the current society. With the current globalization, most schools tend to focus more on impartation of academic knowledge to the teenagers paying less attention to other extra-curriculum activities that are important for the mental development of the teenagers. This has therefore left the teenagers seeking for alternate sources of entertainment which they easily find over the internet. These teenagers have therefore grown to believe that the internet is the best source of entertainment. This is absolutely wrong since the internet games ideally promote the culture of selfishness because it gives the teenager a chance to find solace and fulfillment in the machine. This makes the teenagers to become selfish even as they grow up. Secondly, most teenagers believe that the internet is the best source of informant for academic research. Whenever the teenagers are given class assignments to do, the first research source they run to is the internet. This is because they believe that the internet provides accurate and ready information that can help them to quickly complete their assignments. As a result, many teenagers have been become so addicted to the internet for academic purposes. However, the teenagers need to understand that taking academic materials and reproducing information from the internet can often to academic frauds like plagiarism. The teenagers therefore need to be careful in conducting their research over the internet due to the crime risks they expose themselves to. As a matter of fact, the teenagers need to seek alternate sources of information such as books, journal articles and newspaper articles in conducting their research. This will help them to get information that they fully trust because it is easy to verify the sources of information from books and journal articles. Lastly, most teenagers believe that the internet is the best form of communication. This is because of the various technologies for communication that are actually provided over the internet. Most teenagers tend to lack cellular phones for communication. This gives them the option of communication technologies such as email and chat sessions in different applications over the internet. Through such technologies the teenagers get a chance to effectively communicate with their friends. This has made them believe that the internet is the best source of information since they can easily share their issues with friends over the internet. This is however wrong and should be discouraged. Proper socialization can only be healthy through physically contacting someone. Electronic communication through the internet reduces the relational skills of the teenagers and therefore makes them vulnerable to becoming irresponsible and selfish adults when they grow up. It is important to have good social skills which can only be enhanced through physical relationship (Lee ; Kuo, 7) Supporting Arguments: Internet use has adverse effects on the teenagers because of the following reasons: Internet expose the teenagers to Internet Crimes against Children. The internet is one of the platforms through which predators tend to find teenagers and grooming them for criminal activities such as the production and distribution of children pornography, stalking and contacting the teenagers for sexual acts engagement and even exploitation through sexual tourism. Most of the criminals tend to look at teenagers as perfect targets for achieving their criminal motives. This is mainly because most teenagers tend to be naive, trusting, adventurers, curious and seeking attention as well as affection. This, therefore, makes the teenager so vulnerable to being victims of such kind of criminal acts over the internet. In addition, the criminal acts could turn the teenagers into criminals too especially when there are monetary benefits attached to it. Secondly, the internet has the ability to corrupt the good morals of the teenagers. The internet provides quite a lot of free information and services that have the capacity of corrupting the good morals of teenagers. Illicit and immoral information such as pornography can easily become objects of admiration of teenagers over the internet. It is important to note that most teenagers tend to be at the peek of adolescence whereby they enjoy all manner of new things and are very curious to adventure into things. Due to peer pressure and pressure from their physical bodies, the teenagers are most likely to get addicted internet pornography. Accessing such illicit and immoral information can therefore corrupt their innocent minds. This information is dangerous because it can easily transform them into criminals such as rapists. Anytime the teenagers access the illicit information over the internet, they tend to develop the desire to practice what they read and watch over the internet. As a result, such kinds of teenagers end up not concentrating in their academic work and so scoring poor grades in school. Some also drop out school as they turn out to be frequent law offenders (Handbook of child psychology, 1-101).

Business Process Re

Business Process Re Introduction Business process re-engineering is a recent management tool which aims at improving organisations current operational strategies. It aims at modernisation of business processes to attain high efficiency for a competitive advantage (Jack, 2001). It reconstructs different organisation processes; the expected results include cost efficiency, improved customer service and improvement in production speed.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Business Process Re-Engineering specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Generally the process has three major steps; determine the status quo, identify the areas to change and change implementation; however each step has two stages (Naitove, 2010). This paper discusses the steps in business re-engineering process (BRP). Step 1: Determination of the status quo Develop business vision, mission and business objectives BRP does not aim at marginal improvement in a single area but ta rget the entire business; it aims to look into all processes for an overall gain to the organisation. With this in mind, the start point of the process is aligning all business processes with the new system. The direction of a business is shaped by its mission, vision and corporate objectives. In this stage, mission, vision and objectives of the company are defined again. The definition result after interpolating what has the business being able to attain and its potential level. Set mission, vision and objectives should be attainable (Huang, 2010). The following factors are considered; What is the vision of the organisation? Has the vision being attained? If not to what extent has the company failed? Is the vision still relevant to the new business environment that the business is operating in? What areas lead to failure? What is the mission of the organisation? Is the vision met using the current set methods and strategies? If not why? Does the business have enough potential to f ulfil the set mission? Review the objectives which the company aims to undertake? How often are the objectives met? If not always why they are not met? Is there an established trend in business performance? This looks into areas which have failed the organisation in the past. After understanding the current position in the business, then an attainable vision, mission and objectives are defined. If the previous ones are still relevant and attainable, they can be retained but care taken to improve processes which has in early cases affected their attainment (Wheelen $ Hunger, 1999). Understanding and measuring existing processes For the attainment of business objectives and attainment of goals, a business undergoes through a number of processes. Before making a move to implement a BPR, an in-depth analysis of processes in the company is necessary. The main reason for this move is to ensure that the business learns from previous mistakes. Those activities which have lead to ineffici ency in the past are documented and measures taken to ensure that they will not be repeated. For example if in the past a business was not able to attain its objectives because of inefficient logistics supply’s, where they have gotten sub-standard goods, this area is addressed independently. Note are taken on the past experience (Williams, 2001).Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The level of efficiency of current system is measured. The expected level is also measure and the deficit that the current system has is calculated. The guiding questions in this stage are Does the current business processes have potential to attain expected results? Which areas have let the attainment down in the past? What are the identified root causes of deficiency in the company? This stage is focuses more on utilising past experiences in making sound decisions in the futu re. Management information storage tools like business intelligence tools are utilised to ensure that there is quality information. Considering experiences of other businesses in the same industry is important, however care should be taken to ensure that external data is well vetted for relevance and integrity (Chao-Hsiung, Shaio, Barnes Li, 2010). Step 2: identifying the area to change Identification of business processes to be redefined After having a deep understanding of general performance of the business; this is after an analysis in step 1, the next step is defining the exact areas, strategies and functions which need to be redesigned. They are the areas which hinders attainment of business vision, mission and objectives (Anon, 1994). The process is procedural where management can use a high impact processes, exhaustive approach or six sigma approach. When using a high impact process approach, the management aims at identifying those processes which has a high negative effec t to the attainment of business goals. After the processes have been recognised, they are then addressed. This approach is more common to large business which taking an entire analysis of all micro process may take along of time. After the initial processes affecting the attainment of goals have been determined, the next processes in line are identified until the process with the most minimal effect is addressed (Romney, 1994). When using an exhaustive approach, which is common to small scale businesses, the entire business processes are analysed and those areas which lead to a deficit in the organisation are recognised. Problem in the identified area is identified and alternatives to solve it formulated.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Business Process Re-Engineering specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These area may be supply’s, operation costs management, logistics, human resources or quality of fixed as sets among others (Adam VandeWater, 1995). The third approach maybe a six sigma approach. This is a method that aims at detecting defects in organisational processes. It aims at analysing individual processes are identifying the area that is not effectively and efficiently producing results. The approach is a continuous one and assumes that if one process affects the attainment of anthers objectives. Six sigma approaches ensures that the root cause of a problem has been established and rectified. It a systematically, gradual, and efficient process which yields satisfactory results when applied to either small or large businesses; taking an internal and external analysis of a business is important and part of six sigma. Internal and external processes involve analysing (S.W.O.T. analysis) that the company is operating under. Taking P.E.S.T.L.E. (political, Environmental, social, Technological, legal and Ecological) analysis is another approach to analyse a business. Internal and ext ernal audits assist a company to have a clearer picture of it and developing of operational mechanisms will be facilitated (OConnor, 1989). Identify IT levers BRP utilises information generated internally and sometimes information from an external source. To have an effective system, the way information is documented and analysed is of great importance. After a re-engineering, the focus should be on the customer; he should be the end beneficially of the process although it is done inside a company (Haberbeg Rieple, 2001). Efficient information management systems and tools are identified; and cross functional systems indentified. Other than the gathered information, systems of feedback and responses should be identified (Goold Campbell, 2002). Stage 3: change implementation Build strategies to implement the desired changes With information on the areas that need to be redesigned, strategies to implement the redesign are developed. The level involves aligning all processes with the new adopted system; if there is need to buy some assets, train staff or employ staff it is done at this stage.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More All tools to implementation (both human and physical resources) are put in place. Although strategies are made for the general attainment of goals, objectives, mission and vision, they are sometimes seen as independent but collaborate with each other (Esquerre, 2005). These strategies address the areas which had a deficit these strategies include; Supply management chain These are strategies implemented to ensure that the company gets quality raw materials, in the right time at an appropriate cost. When implementing this system, there must be collaboration with all departments as they will advice logistics and procurement department of the quality and quantity they require at a certain time. It involves, forward logistics, backwards logistics, and reverse logistics. Good relation is developed with suppliers to have just in time supplies (Kotter Schlesinger, 2008). Value determination This having is a set level of value that is required for raw materials and final products; mechanis ms to determine value in a business are put in place. Monitoring of value starts from raw material value determination, to ensure quality materials are delivered in the company. At the same time output quality and quantity from each stage are determined. In case there is a deficit, the problem should be addressed immediately. To determine whether quality assured is attained, it should not be the internal standard only but customer’s expectation and competitor’s value level are of essence. Value comes with a price; a company’s pricing strategy should meet organizational goals without hurting consumers; there should be a mutual benefit and satisfaction (Porter, 1985) Customer service Mechanisms to get feedback and respond to customer issues are developed. This may take the form of call centre or other feedback mechanisms. This acts as another source of information to the company for future improvements. Existing customers are a pool of assets to a company and they can give information relevant to the improvement of various processes. Marketing and selling strategies are addressed and skewed toward a customer based approach (Fred, 2008). Total Quality Management and strategic Quality management After individual processes have been designed to align with business new goals and objectives, the result should be a total quality management where there is interrelation among departments. There should be mechanisms set to ensure that there is a smooth flow of processes (Champy, 1995). For example a target approach work well where a certain department say packaging is given a certain target to attain say 700 packages in an hour. In case this is not attained, a focus on such department may point out a deficit in the production department if it’s not feeding the department effectively. This will assist is establishing the root causes of a defects and addressing them accordingly; instead of addressing symptoms (Collis Rukstad, 2008). Monitoring, support and control After all mechanisms are set in place, the output from the system should be interpolated and the new system evaluated. Monitoring involves enforcing the system as the new mechanisms of processes (Gurvis, 2007). The stage involves changing organisational behaviours and culture to support the system and give feedback on areas that need further improvement. Staff training, appraisals and participation is embraced to ensure that there is a total support of the system from all corners. Mentoring involves integrating different processes/department for the general attainment of organisational goals and objectives. In appraisal of employees; management should follow scientific methods like balance score card (Swamson, 2009). Motivational measures should also be put in place; this is where employees are motivated to support the new system. They are facilitated to point out areas which require improvement. Identification of key performance parameters/indicator is another supporting strategy; the indicators assist in evaluating the level of efficiency that the new system has attained. BPR should follow a six sigma process and a Kaizen management tools; where the earlier involves in continuous detection of defects areas and the later is concerned with continuous quality improvement through people (Camillus, 2008). Conclusion BPR involves redesigning business process to attain a higher efficiency in an organisational for competitive advantage. BPR is a process aimed at improving current operational systems and developing strategies for the better processes in an organisation. It involves taking strategies like total quality management, six sigma approach, supply chain management system and developing an effective human resource team. It involves the following steps; determine the status quo, identify the areas to change and change implementation; however each step has two stages which are developing business vision, mission and business objectives, Und erstanding and measuring existing processes, Identification of business processes to be redefined, Building strategies to implement the desired changes, Monitoring, support and control respectively. Bibliography Adam, P. and VandeWater, R. 1995. Benchmarking and the bottom-line: translating business reengineering into bottom-line results, Industrial Engineering, Vol. 3, February, p. 24. Anon. 1994. Re-engineering Europe. Economist, 330(7852), 63. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier database. Camillus, J.C. 2008. Strategy as a wicked problem. Harvard Business Review. 86(5), 98-106 Champy, J. 1995. Reengineering Management, Harper Business Books, New York. Chao-Hsiung, L., Shaio Yan, H., Barnes, F., Li, K. 2010. Business performance and customer relationship management: The effect of IT, organisational contingency and business process on Taiwanese manufacturers. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 21(1), 43-65. doi:10.1080/14783360903492595. Collis, D.J and Rukstad, M.G. 200 8. Can you say what your strategy is?† Havard Business Review,86(4), 82-90 Esquerre, B. 2005. Have You Done Your S.W.O.T Today? Fitness Business Pro, 21(12), 24. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database. Fred, D. 2008. Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases. New Jersey: Pearson Education Goold, M. and Campbell, A. 2002. Do you have a well-designed organization? Harvard Business Review. 80(3). 117-124 Gurvis, S. 2007. Management Basics: A Practical Guide for Managers. London: Adams Media. Haberbeg, A and Rieple, A. 2001.The Strategic Management of Organisations. Prentice Hall, London. Huang, W. 2010. Business process rules management: Challenges and solutions. Ph.D. dissertation, Stevens Institute of Technology, United States New Jersey. Retrieved from Dissertations Theses: Full Text.(Publication No. AAT 3269204). Jack, E.2001. Management Communication: the threat of group thinks.Corporate communications. International Journal , 183-192. Kotter, J.P and Schlesinger, L.A. 2008. Choosing strategies for change. Harvard Business Review, 80(30), 117-124 Naitove, M. 2010. Refine, Redesign, Retool: Re-engineering as a Business Model. Plastics Technology, 56(6), 28. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier database. OConnor, P.1989. Total Quality Management (Book). Quality Reliability Engineering International [serial online].; 5(2):183. Porter, M.E. 1985 competitive advantage. New york:The Free Press. Romney, M. 1994. Business process re-engineering. CPA Journal, 69(10), 30. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier database. Swamson, R. 2009. Foundations of Human Resource Development: Easy read Large Edition. San Francisco: ReadHowYouWant.com Wheelen, L., $ Hunger, J.1999. Strategic Management and Business Policy: Entering 21st Century Global Society. Massachusetts: Addison Wesley Williams, S. 2001. Making better business decisions: understanding and improving critical thinking and problem-solving skills London: Sage.

Judith Sargent Murray, Early Feminist and Writer

Judith Sargent Murray, Early Feminist and Writer Judith Sargent Murray (May 1, 1751–July 6, 1820) was an early American feminist who wrote essays on  political, social, and religious themes. She was also a gifted poet and dramatist, and her letters, some recently discovered, give insight into her life during and after the American Revolution.  She is especially known for her essays about the American Revolution under the pseudonym The Gleaner and for her feminist essay, On the Equality of the Sexes.   Fast Facts: Judith Sargent Murray Known For: Early feminist essayist, poet, novelist, and dramatistBorn: May 1, 1751 in Gloucester, MassachusettsParents: Winthrop Sargent and Judith SaundersDied: July 6, 1820 in Natchez, MississippiEducation: Tutored at homePublished Works: On the Equality of the Sexes, Sketch of the Present Situation in America, Story of Margaretta, Virtue Triumphant, and The Traveller ReturnedSpouse(s): Captain John Stevens (m. 1769–1786); Rev. John Murray (m. 1788–1809).Children: With John Murray: George (1789) who died as an infant, and a daughter, Julia Maria Murray (1791–1822) Early Life Judith Sargent Murray was born Judith Sargent on May 1, 1751, in Gloucester, Massachusetts, to shipowner and merchant Captain Winthrop Sargent (1727–1793) and his wife Judith Saunders (1731–1793). She was the oldest of the eight Sargent children. At first, Judith was educated at home and learned basic reading and writing. Her brother Winthrop, who was intended to go to Harvard, received a more advanced education at home, but when their parents recognized Judiths exceptional abilities she was allowed to share Winthrops training in classical Greek and Latin. Winthrop went did go on to Harvard, and Judith later noted that she, being female, had no such possibilities. Her first marriage, on October 3, 1769, was to Captain John Stevens, a well-to-do sea captain and trader. They had no children but adopted two of her husbands nieces and one of her own, Polly Odell. Universalism In the 1770s, Judith Stevens turned away from the Calvinism of the Congregational church she was raised in and became involved in Universalism. Calvinists said that only believers could be saved, and nonbelievers were doomed. In contrast, Universalists believed that all human beings could be saved and all people were equal. The movement was brought to Massachusetts by Rev. John Murray, who arrived in Gloucester in 1774, and Judith and her families the Sargents and the Stevens converted to Universalism. Judith Sargent Stevens and John Murray began a long correspondence and respectful friendship: in this she defied custom, which suggested it was suspect for a married woman to correspond with a man who was unrelated to her. By 1775, the Stevens family had fallen into serious  financial difficulties when the American Revolution interfered with shipping and trade, difficulties that may have been heightened by Stevens mismanagement of finances. To help out, Judith began writing; her first poems were written in 1775. Judiths first essay was Desultory Thoughts upon the Utility of Encouraging a Degree of Self-Complacency, Especially in Female Bosoms, which was published in 1784 under the pseudonym Constancia in the Boston periodical, Gentleman and Ladys Town and Country Magazine.  In 1786, Captain Stevens, to avoid debtors prison and in hopes of turning his finances around, sailed to the West Indies, but he died there in 1786. After the death of Captain Stevens, the friendship between John Murray and Judith Stevens blossomed into courtship, and on October 6, 1788, they married.   Travel and a Widening Sphere Judith Sargent Murray accompanied her new husband on many of his preaching tours, and they counted among acquaintances and friends many early leaders of the United States, including John and Abigail Adams, Benjamin Franklins family, and Martha Custis Washington, with whom they sometimes stayed. Her letters describing these visits and her correspondence with friends and relatives are invaluable in understanding the daily life in the federal period of American history. Throughout this period, Judith Sargent Murray wrote poetry, essays, and drama: some biographers suggest the loss of her son in 1790 and her own survival of what would be called postpartum depression today spurred a burst of creativity. Her essay, On the Equality of the Sexes, written in 1779, was finally published in 1790. The essay challenges the prevailing theory that men and women are not intellectually equal, and among all of her writings, that essay established her as an early feminist theorist. She added a letter including her interpretation of the biblical Adam and Eve story, insisting that Eve was equal, if not superior, to Adam. Her daughter, Julia Maria Murray, was born in 1791. Essays and Drama In February, 1792, Murray began a series of essays for the Massachusetts Magazine titled The Gleaner (also her pseudonym), which focused on the politics of the new nation of America as well as religious and moral themes, including womens equality.  One of her common early topics was the importance of educating female children- Julia Maria was 6 months old when her mother began her column. Her novel, The Story of Margaretta, was written in a series among The Gleaner essays. It is the tale of a young woman who falls prey to a sinister lover and rejects him, and she is portrayed not as a fallen woman but rather as an intelligent heroine who is capable of forging an independent life for herself. The Murrays moved from Gloucester to Boston in 1793, where together they founded a Universalist congregation. Several of her writings reveal her role in shaping the tenets of Universalism, which was the first American religion to ordain women. Murray wrote drama first in response to a call for original work by American writers (also directed to her husband, John Murray), and though her plays did not find critical acclaim, they did achieve some popular success. Her first play was The Medium: or Virtue Triumphant, and it opened and quickly closed on the Boston stage. It was, however, the first play dramatized there by an American author. In 1798, Murray published a collection of her writings in three volumes as The Gleaner. She thereby became the first American woman to self-publish a book.  The books were sold on subscription, to help support the family.  John Adams and George Washington were among the subscribers.  In 1802 she helped to found a school for girls in Dorchester. Later Life and Death John Murray, whose health had been frail for some time, had a stroke in 1809 that paralyzed him for the rest of his life.  In 1812, her daughter Julia Maria married a wealthy Mississippian named Adam Louis Bingaman, whose family had contributed somewhat to his education while he lived with Judith and John Murray. By 1812, the Murrays were experiencing painful financial issues. Judith Murray edited and published John Murrays letters and sermons that same year, as Letters and Sketches of Sermons. John Murray died in 1815, and in 1816, Judith Sargent Murray published his autobiography, Records of the Life of the Rev. John Murray. In her last years, Judith Sargent Murray continued her correspondence with her family and friends; her daughter and husband supported her financially in her later life, and she moved to their home in Natchez, Mississippi in 1816. Judith Sargent Murray died on July 6, 1820, in Natchez at the age of 69. Legacy Judith Sargent Murray was largely forgotten as a writer until late in the 20th century. Alice Rossi resurrected On the Equality of the Sexes for a collection called The Feminist Papers  in 1974, bringing it to wider attention. In 1984, Unitarian Universalist minister, Gordon Gibson, found Judith Sargent Murrays letter books in Natchez, Mississippi- books into which she kept copies of her letters. (They are now in the Mississippi Archives.) She is the only woman from that period of time for whom we have such letter books, and these copies have allowed scholars to discover much about not only Judith Sargent Murrays life and ideas, but also about daily life in the time of the American Revolution and early Republic. In 1996, Bonnie Hurd Smith founded the Judith Sargent Murray Society to promote Judiths life and work. Smith provided useful suggestions for details in this profile, which also drew on other resources about Judith Sargent Murray. Sources Field, Vena Bernadette. Constantia: A Study of the Life and Works of Judith Sargent Murray, 1751-1920. Orono: University of Maine Studies, 2012.Harris, Sharon M., ed. Selected Writings of Judith Sargent Murray. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.Murray, Judith Sargent [as Constancia]. The Gleaner: A Miscellaneous Production, Volumes 1–3. Boston: J. Thomas and E.T. Andrews, 1798.Rossi, Alice S., ed. The Feminist Papers: From Adams to de Beauvoir. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1973.Smith, Bonnie Hurd. Judith Sargent Murray and the Emergence of an American Womens Literary Traditions. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale Researcher Guide, 2018.Kritzer, Amelia Howe. â€Å"Playing with Republican Motherhood: Self-Representation in Plays by Susanna Haswell Rowson and Judith Sargent Murray.† Early American Literature 31.2, 1996. 150–166.  Ã‚  Skemp, Sheila L. First Lady of Letters: Judith Sargent Murray and the Struggle for Female Independence. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009.

Clinton and The Bill essays

Clinton and The Bill essays In 1993 William Clinton was fast at work trying to pull together legislation on National Service. National Service was a cornerstone of his campaign and he was determined to stick to his word and make it a priority. Clinton gathered a committee and tasked them to make National Service happen The Office of National Service headed by Eli Segal had a long road to travel. As Clinton promised in his campaign, he wanted to provide the financial opportunity to attend college to a broad range of young Americans in exchange for National Service. Along with the National Service legislation Clinton wanted to include a pay-as-you-can loan program that would encourage graduates to enter lower paying jobs such as teachers and police officers, which are more fulfilling and give back to the community and nation. From there the Office of National Service was off to build the framework for the legislation. They began analyzing the current system, and surveying local programs and organizations to see what would work, and how exactly Clintons campaign promise might actually become a viable piece of legislation that might make it through the congressional circus, not to mention the scrutiny of the private sector. After months of constant finagling, changing, assessing, tweaking, overhauling, appeasing and reassessing of the National Service legislation, the Office of National Service was convinced that it was ready to put in the hands of the public and Congress. On April 30th the plan was unveiled. That was when the real legislative process began. The National Service proposal was out in the open for all to see and the Office of National Service had to win over enough support to get the legislation through Congress. Winning over a few senators doesnt sound like a large task, but when it comes down to it party lines run deep and so do the affiliations with financial supporters and other supportive institutions. In short, in order to win ov...

Behaviors leading to insomnia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Behaviors leading to insomnia - Essay Example Other symptoms that manifest because of this condition are waking up too early and suffering from fatigue upon waking up (Morin et. al., 2011). Insomnia often manifests itself as either primary insomnia or secondary insomnia. Primary insomnia refers to sleeplessness that is not caused by any underlying condition while secondary insomnia is caused by an underlying medical condition (Buysse, 2013). The various medical conditions that can cause insomnia include asthma, arthritis, cancer, pain or medication being ingested by a person (Jarin, Chen, Ivers & Morin, 2013). This condition also manifests in self, depending on its duration, as either acute or chronic. Acute insomnia lasts a shorter time, a few weeks, while chronic insomnia lasts longer. There are varied effects that arise because of insomnia. Most of the effects of insomnia affect the quality of life and performance of daily tasks (Sasa et. al., 2010). In rare cases, insomnia results in death and this type of insomnia is referred to as fatal familial insomnia. First, insomnia decreases the quality of life in the form of lack of alertness and poor memory during the day (Sasa et. al., 2010). People who suffer from insomnia are more irritable, make more mistakes and develop poor relationships with their colleagues and spouses (Calhoun et. al., 2014). Insomnia further affects the concentration and performance of the brain. Those who suffer from this condition often suffer from mental health conditions such as nervousness, irritability and fatigue (Watts, Coyle & East, 2011). The lack of sleep affects the concentration span and focus. The brain requires several hours of sleep for it to achieve optimum concentration to perform tasks. Insomnia compromises the brain’s ability to process information. The effects of insomnia are numerous and influence the lives of people significantly (Morin et.

Health and Safety Practices Plan (Part Six) Health and Safety Research Paper

Health and Safety Practices Plan (Part Six) Health and Safety Monitoring and Final Summary - Research Paper Example It also delivers digital applications such as iPhones, Mac, Apple TV and a portfolio of clients and specialized software applications and does its marketing and selling through online retail stores, direct line stores and direct sales force globally. The involvement of human labor in all the stages necessitates that the company adopts a well-designed safety and health plan targeting improved working conditions for the employees (Karen, 200). Discussion The organization has adopted in the past professional external auditors as well as internal auditors to analyze the capacity of the company to provide safe and healthy environment to workers. Professionalism has been the basis on which the auditors are evaluated on before they are contracted in order to ensure that they deliver on the expected results in order to have the organization improve through the strategic recommendations that are given. Among other findings by the teams in the past has been the non compliance in wearing protec tive gears while working, insufficient installation of fire detection and management kits within the premises as well as poor structural designs which limit exit paths in such times of emergencies like fire outbreaks. The working environment of the apple Inc exposes the workers to various health hazards, which include increased exposure to harmful gases such as n-hexane commonly used to clean appliances’ screens, which have often led to sicknesses in the past. Other unfortunate features within the working conditions in Apple Inc are violence, stress as well as substance abuse. Nevertheless, it is to be acknowledged that the company has had the burden to improve on the health and safety standards of employees and have organized on safety trainings in the past to raise awareness and empower workers through social responsibility. Besides, team awareness campaigns have been in use in the past to address such issues as drug use, stress as well as violence at workplace. Although th e mitigation strategies adopted in the past have not been fully effective, this paper adopts such forms to be the basis of many of our recommendations. This is because with only some improvements, the strategies would be very effective and efficient in mitigating the concerns. Besides, the design and adoption of favorable emergency response plans are quite commendable efforts because they have the capacity to revolutionize the working of the organization greatly. The safety and response plans that have been discussed above are very basic tools for any organization and thus should be embraced and harnessed (Anonymous, 1996). They are basic tools, which show the ethical compliance of any company as it explains responsiveness to regulations within an organization, prevention mechanisms on injuries and illnesses, emergency plans as well as social responsibility. Besides ethics dictate that companies take up the role of investigating non compliance with such predefined tools by workers a nd the subsequent adoption of appropriate measures in order to ensure that the standards of compliant employees is guaranteed. Ethics are fundamental in management of any business entity as well as such companies as the Apple Inc. Based on the previously discussed safety, illness and response plans, the company has the ethical responsibilities to ensure that regulations and procedures are adhered to. This is not

Professional Perspectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Professional Perspectives - Essay Example The main objective of co-educators is to ensure that a group heterogeneous student understands instructions effectively (Perez, 2012). Contrariwise, co-educators differences results to lack of collegial interactions of strategies, which leads to a poor instructional program. Philosophy Statement on Co-Teaching It is hard for co-educators to meet diversified students’ needs with differing professional perspectives, which negatively affect professional interactions in the development of effective strategies to ensure that all student needs are satisfied including those with disabilities. A colleague with a different perspective from mine will be of more disadvantages than advantages in terms of collegial support towards meeting student needs and formulation of effective strategies. I am profound on the professional interactions as well as my co-educator’s characteristics and needs. The concepts of an effective exchange of plans and consultation in implementing a curriculu m that gratifies all student needs are central to my philosophy of co-teaching. Collegial support that offers a different input towards my plans demonstrates the absence of diversity based teamwork towards a long lasting co-teaching (Specialconnections.ku.edu, n.d.). I believe that co-teaching has to involve a number of co-teachings activities such as exploring skills that educators require to collaborate successfully. However, in a case whereby my co-educator differs with every slight perception I have towards a learning environment, it is challenging to implement co-planning in a classroom. I love learning new things, and it would be god of my o-educator to equip me with new instructional techniques. Nonetheless, my co-educator has to assimilate my perspectives and together develop strategies towards effective co-teaching opposed to a situation where none of our professional perspective is common. I believe that adaptability, dedication, collaboration, and positive collegial suppo rt are the key aspects towards effective consultations on issues affecting students because of diversity rather than focusing on the differences that may exist between my co-educator and me. Different professional perspectives should be utilized as a tool of every co-educator self-reflection to realize his/her weakness and strengths concerning the ability to work as teamwork (Perez, 2012). The success of an inclusive classroom depends on the parity portrayed by the partnership of both educators, which must show the presence of a teaching practice based on effective collaboration and support. Viewpoint Description on Co-Teaching The most important aspect for effective consultations in handling students’ needs in co-teaching is the partnership between two co-educators. Each co-educator perspective on co-teaching is a complicated set of actions and intentions with unique criteria for evaluating strategies that are right and wrong. Our roles and the idealized self-image as co-edu cators are determined professional perspectives. Moreover, perspectives provide the basis to which co-educators can reflect on the co-teaching practice (Beninghof, 2012). The moment I consult with a co-educator who believes as I do, an immediacy of communication is established as well as the feeling of being understood. However, a colleague that believes in a truly different way from mine evokes a